bila

Bila mata yang melihat
Jangan biar hati percaya
Kerna mata selalu menipu
Dan hati selalu tertipu

Bila akal yang melihat
Biar hati sedikit percaya
Kerna akal selalu tersalah
Dan hati selalu lurus

Tapi bila iman yang melihat
Hati itu seharusnya tahu
Ia akan menjadi tulus dengan iman
Kerna iman tidak memandang
Selain dari indahnya ciptaanNya
Ia takkan tertipu dek mata yang taksub
Pada kecantikan
Atau akal yang semakin menggila kebodohannya

Iman bisa menyirnakan kegelapan
Terpundak cahaya di hati
Jauh dari kepesongan

kenangan yang takkn luput dek ingatan

Terkenang sebuah memori lalu
Kisah persahabatan kita bersama
Di dalam satu pengajian
Menimba ilmu dan pengalaman
Mengingatkanku…pengorbananmu
Terpahat padu di kalbuku

Bersama rakan taulan dan guru
Tawa riangmu menghiburkan hatiku
Indahnya suasana ketika itu
Terjalin ukhuwah yang sejati

Nasihatmu sungguh bermakna bagiku
Mengenangkanku erti kehidupan
Susah payah kita hadapi bersama
Itulah asam garam dalam kehidupan

Ya Tuhan tabahkan hatinya
Kuatkan semangatnya untuk menghadapi hidup
Berikanlah maghfirah dan kasih sayangMU
Moga sejahtera di dunia dan akhirat…

Dapatkan Mesej Bergambar di Sini

salam ma'al hijrah.

Dapatkan Mesej Bergambar di Sini

TOUCHING STORY (email dari kawan saya)

MAAFKAN CIKGU
Petikan drpd http://blogs.iium.edu.my/martinelli/2009/06/18/maafkan-cikgu/
Saya sangat mengkagumi kerjaya sebagai guru sekolah. Sebuah kisah yang saya paparkan ini saya ulangi dari kisah benar seorang guru beberapa tahun yang lalu.

Ceritanya:
Saya mengajar di sekolah rendah di tengah2 bandaraya Kuala Lumpur. Saya mengajar sesi petang. Salah seorang murid saya setiap hari datang lambat ke sekolah. Kasut dan bajunya selalu kotor. Setiap kali saya bertanya tentang baju dan kasutnya dia hanya berdiam diri.
Saya masih bersabar dengan keadaan pakainnya, tetapi kesabaran saya tercabar dengan sikapnya yang setiap hari datang lambat. Pada mulanya saya hanya memberi nasihat. Dia hanya menundukkan kepala tanpa berkata2 kecuali anggukkan yang seolah2 dipaksa. Kali kedua saya memberi amaran, dia masih juga mengangguk tetapi masih juga datang lambat keesokannya. Kali ketiga saya terpaksa menjalankan janji saya untuk memukulnya kalau masih lambat. Anehnya dia hanya menyerahkan punggungnya untukdirotan . Airmata saja  yang jatuh tanpa sepatah kata dari mulutnya.
Keesokan harinya dia masih juga lambat, dan saya memukulnya lagi. Namun ia masih tetap datang kesekolah dan masih tetap lambat.
Suatu hari saya bercadang untuk mengintipnya ke rumahnya. Setelah mendapatkan alamatnya, saya meneruskan niat saya. Dia tinggal di sebuah kawasan setinggan tidak berapa jauh dari sekolah. Keadaan rumahnya sangat daif. Saya nampak murid saya itu sedang berdiri di depan rumahnya dalam keadaan gelisah. Seorang wanita yang mungkin ibunya juga kelihatan gelisah.
Lebih kurang pukul 1.30 seorang anak lelaki sedang berlari2 sekuat hati menuju ke rumah itu. Sambil berlari dia membuka baju sekolahnya. Sampai di depan rumah baju dan kasutnya diserahkan pula kepada murid saya yang terus bergegas memakainya. Sebelum pakaian sekolah sempurna dipakai, dia sudah berlari ke arah sekolah.

Saya kembali ke sekolah dengan penuh penyesalan. Saya memanggil anak itu sambil menahan airmata yang mula tergenang.
“Maafkan cikgu. Tadi cikgu pergi ke rumah kamu dan memerhatikan kamu dari jauh. Siapa yang berlari memberikan kamu baju tadi?”
Dia terkejut dan wajahnya berubah.
“Itu abang saya. Kami kongsi baju dan kasut sebab tak ada baju lain. Itu saja baju dan kasut yang ada. Maafkan saya, cikgu.” Jawabnya
“Kenapa kamu tak beritahu cikgu dan kenapa kamu biarkan saja cikgu pukul kamu?”
” Mak pesan, jangan meminta2 pada orang, jangan ceritakan kemiskinan kita pada orang. Kalau cikgu nak pukul serahkan saja punggung kamu.”
Sambil menahan airmata yang mula berguguran saya memeluk anak itu, “Maafkan cikgu, …….”
Kejadian itu cukup menginsafkan saya. Selepas itu saya cuba membantunya setakat yang mampu.

Cerita2 begini membantu melembutkan hati yang keras. Kata seorang guru, sekiranya hati kita mula keras lembutkanlah dengan perkara2 berikut;
i. Solat sunat
ii. puasa sunat
iii. berzikir
iv. bersedekah
v. mengusap rambut anak yatim
vi. mendengar cerita2 kesusahan orang lain
vii. membantu orang susah

SEMUANYA ADA..

JANGAN MENGELUH ...........
Kita selalu Bertanya....................dan Al-Quran sudah menjawabnya..................

KITA BERTANYA :    KENAPA AKU DIUJI?

QURAN MENJAWAB
"Apakah manusia itu mengira bahawa mereka dibiarkan saja mengatakan; "Kami telah beriman," ("I am full of faith to Allah") sedangkan mereka tidak diuji? Dan sesungguhnya Kami telah menguji org2 yg sebelum mereka, maka sesungguhnya Allah mengetahui org2 yg benar dan, sesungguhnya Dia mengetahui org2 yg dusta."
-Surah Al-Ankabut ayat 2-3

KITA BERTANYA   : KENAPA AKU TAK DAPAT APA YG AKU IDAM-IDAMKAN?

QURAN MENJAWAB
"Boleh jadi kamu membenci sesuatu padahal ia amat baik bagimu, dan boleh jadi pula kamu menyukai sesuatu, padahal ia amat buruk bagimu, Allah mengetahui sedang kamu tidak mengetahui."
- Surah Al-Baqarah ayat 216

KITA BERTANYA :    KENAPA UJIAN SEBERAT INI?

QURAN MENJAWAB
"Allah tidak membebani seseorang itu melainkan sesuai dengan kesanggupannya."
- Surah Al-Baqarah ayat 286

KITA BERTANYA   : KENAPA RASA FRUST?

QURAN MENJAWAB
"Jgnlah kamu bersikap lemah, dan jgnlah pula kamu bersedih hati, padahal kamulah org2 yg paling tinggi darjatnya, jika kamu org2 yg beriman."
- Surah Al-Imran ayat 139

KITA BERTANYA :    BAGAIMANA HARUS AKU MENGHADAPINYA?

QURAN MENJAWAB
"Wahai orang-orang yang beriman! Bersabarlah kamu (menghadapi segala kesukaran dalam mengerjakan perkara-perkara yang berkebajikan), dan kuatkanlah kesabaran kamu lebih daripada kesabaran musuh, di medan   perjuangan), dan bersedialah (dengan kekuatan pertahanan di daerah-daerah sempadan) serta bertaqwalah (be fearfull of Allah The Almighty) kamu kepada Allah supaya, kamu berjaya (mencapai kemenangan)."

KITA BERTANYA   : BAGAIMANA HARUS AKU MENGHADAPINYA?

QURAN MENJAWAB
"Dan mintalah pertolongan (kepada Allah) dengan jalan sabar dan mengerjakan sembahyang; dan sesungguhnya sembahyang itu amatlah berat kecuali kepada orang-orang yang khusyuk"
- Surah Al-Baqarah ayat 45

KITA BERTANYA :    APA YANG AKU DAPAT DRPD SEMUA INI?

QURAN MENJAWAB
"Sesungguhnya Allah telah membeli dari org2 mu'min, diri, harta mereka dengan memberikan syurga utk mereka... ?
- Surah At-Taubah ayat 111

KITA BERTANYA   : KEPADA SIAPA AKU BERHARAP?

QURAN MENJAWAB
"Cukuplah Allah bagiku, tidak ada Tuhan selain dari Nya. Hanya kepadaNya aku bertawakkal."
- Surah At-Taubah ayat 129

KITA BERKATA : AKU TAK DAPAT TAHAN!!!

QURAN MENJAWAB
"... ..dan jgnlah kamu berputus asa dr rahmat Allah. Sesungguhnya tiada berputus asa dr rahmat Allah melainkan kaum yg kafir."
- Surah Yusuf ayat 12


Peringatan ini saya terima dari sahabat yang prihatin pada saya. Saya sebarkan peringatan ini kepada sahabat2 tersayang untuk ingat mengingati kepada kebenaran

sebar2kan..

1) Jin berasal dari Jan (Bapak Jin) dan gelarannya
Azazil. Dicipta dari api (biru), dan telah beramal
puluh ribu tahun lamanya .

2) Apabila Allah swt. memerintahkannya supaya tunduk
menghormati Nabi Adam, mereka telah ingkar. Allah swt.
melaknat dan perintah turun ke bumi.

Jin terbahagi kepada dua iaitu Jin Islam dan Syaitan.

3) Jin Islam pula terbahagi kepada dua iaitu Jin
Islam(Soleh) dan Jin Tidak Islam (Tidak Soleh).
Syaitan yang turun kesemuanya jahat (tidak Islam).

4) Makanannya dari Api (Asap). Itu sebab orang-orang
Melayu dilarang mengunakan kemenyan kerana Jin paling
suka dengan asap yang busuk. Tetapi orang-orang melayu
ini degil, suka sangat dengan asap kemenyan. Beliau
menambah, orang-orang yang suka hisap rokok itu,
adik-beradik jin lah tuu.

5) Tempat tinggal Jin seperti di awan , sungai, hutan,
lombong, laut, tempat-tempat tinggi (KLCC), tandas dan
kubur.

6) Beliau menasihat apabila ingin buang air di
perjalanan (contohnya jalan raya), perlu baca " Sala
Mun, ' Ala Sulaiman, Fil 'alamin."

Mengikut sirahnya jin sangat takut dengan Nabi
Sulaiman. Orang-orang Melayu suka sangat membaca
ucapan, "Ampun Datuk, Anak cucu tumpang lalu" Masa
bila pulak jin dapat pangkat datuk. Dan masa bila
pula, kita jadi cucu cicit jin !!!!

7) Jin tidak mengetahui akan alam ghaib, itu sebab
jika ada dukun atau bomoh yang tahu menilik-nilik
nasib, pembohong... ." Sirahnya apabila Nabi Sulaiman,
memerintahkan jin untuk membina istananya, sehingga
Nabi Sulaiman meninggal pun jin tidak perasan/tahu.
Semasa itu Nabi Sulaiman duduk di kerusinya dengan
tongkat k ayu . Dan jin tekun membuat kerja di
hadapan-nya. Sehingga anai-anai memakan tongkatnya dan
tongkat tersebut reput dan jatuh serta Nabi Sulaiman
pun jatuh, maka barulah tahu oleh jin bahawa Nabi
Sulaiman telah mangkat.

8) Manusia juga dilarang membuang air di
lombong-lombong yang airnya tenang, terutama di waktu
tengah malam. Jin suka mandi di situ, waktu itu. Di
larang juga buang air di lubang-lubang (tanah).

9) Rumah-rumah yang lama tidak berpenghuni atau rumah
yang baru siap belum duduk lagi, jin suka tinggal di
situ. Sebelum duduk rumah baru, di galakkan membaca
surah Al-Baqarah, sehingga habis. Jin lari selama 3
hari. Tidak perlu tepung tawar bagai.... orang mel ayu
suka sangat menepung tawar !!!

10) Jika budak menangis tengah-tengah malam, azankan 7
~ 10 kali, jika tidak bacakan ayat Kursi dengan cara 9
kali henti (tekniknya) sebab beliau pernah jumpa orang
yang di rasuk.

* Kalau rajin..Tolong sebarkan maklumat ini kepada
saudara Muslim Muslimat yang lain. Ilmu yang
bermanfaat ialah salah satu amal yang berkekalan
bagi orang yang mengajarnya meskipun dia sudah mati

praktikum...praktikum

aku bru pas faxkan resume kt agrobank n rhb bank td.tp rhb bank tibe2 lak kate xterima.agrobank mmg terima student wat praktikum...tp die suh aku anta pos..die nk resume yg asl..membazir jer duit aku rm6 tuk fax tu.saba jela..hrp2 dptla yg agrobank tu..exam tinggal lg 3 paper..18,19 n 20hb.moga2 ALLAH permudahkan segalanya utk aku...AMINN..

aiyoo...kesilapan daa

salam...erm,ada wat kesilapanlah mase wt presentation untuk tajuk Bankers Acceptance ari tu..untuk BA Islamic, konsep yang digunakan adalah murabahah (cost plus profit) dan Bay dayn (purchase of debt). yang diterangkan adalah bay dayn dan mudharabah. jadi konsep sebenar adalah murabahah dan bay dayn..kesilapan teknikal berlaku di situ. tredapat sedikit salah faham. untuk ketarangan yang lebih lanjut, sila layari laman web www.bnm.gov.my . Just click on guideline and refer to AB-i guideline,ok..hmm..oklah, continue study!!:)

dugaan waktu exam

masa2 kian berlalu...pejam celik dh msuk exam..dh lepas 2 paper lg tu..tp lame lg nk tunggu paper seterusnya.paper seterusnya berdouble n bertriple lg..huhu..pengsanlah aq..2 paper yg lepas ni pun aq demam teruk..demam campak lg tu..bayangkan aku exam mase demam campak..aiyoooo...mau mati ooo...hahaha.tp2 paper tu dua2 ok..hikmah kot..huhu...harap paper seterusnya ok jgk..sebab semua berdouble n bertriple..hehe..AMINN..

masa-masa struggle

hmm..alhamdulillah..asignment tinggal satu je lg..xsmpt2 nk mengarang kt sini..bz sgt.lth rase...kpala ni mmg pnuh la ngan koyop..huhu..sekarang, tinggal marketing financial services sje. lending mngement bru submit td. xsangka akhirnya aku n kwn2 berjaya jga mencipta loan sendiri..huhu.tp xsemua pun yg bg krjasama yg jitu..aku ngan k sha jer yg xtido mlm..huhu...ape2lah..yg pengting aku berjaya jga siapkannya. alhamdulillah..tp aku rase xsihatlah hari ni..pns jer bdn..pening lak tu..n sejak dua menjak ni bdn aku slalu menggigil.aku pun xtau knp.mybe ltih sgt kot..xkurus2 gak..haha..tp mak kate aku dh kurus sikit..xsangkakan?haha..aku ngan abe...msih jgak mcm dlu...xde ape2 perubahan pun..yg penting die selalu ade kt sisi aku semasa aku perlukan die..bg aku itu dh ckup..die dh ckup baik bg diri aku..die ade bg kate2 kt aku...ni kate2 die.. "apa itu cinta?ungkapan yang boleh membawa seribu erti. cinta dtg tanpa diminta, cinta lahir dari hati tanpa dipaksa. namun, cinta x semestinya indah. cintakan seseorang xbermakana kite dpt memilikinya. cinta perlukan pengorbanan... pengorbanan yang buat kite sedih mahupun sebaliknya. tp sebagai manusia, kite xdpt lari dari perasaan itu...ape yang penting, bagaimana kite hadapi benda tersebut..." bg aku mmg btul kate abe tu..jgn hukum perasaan sendiri..yg penting, kite kne pndai hargai perasaan sendiri..sesungguhnya perasaan itu suci dan tidak pernah bersalah...noktah:)

assignment individu business ethics (SGDN2023)

SELLING YOUR SELF: TITMUSS’S ARGUMENT AGAINST A MARKET IN BLOOD

SUMMARY
This article indicates of Titmuss’s argument against a market in blood. It’s distinctive the sense in which a market blood is dehumanizing. Titmuss separate it into two domino arguments, firstly “The contamination of meaning argument” and secondly, “Erosion of Motivation” argument. Transplantation assists suffering and gives life to who needed. In medical profession, there are many people still think that the valuable use are most worth and most precious by the cost of allowing a market in organ. For the part moral philosophers said, sale of personal attributes are extortion of the vendors who are poor and urged to sell. Titmusss offers three several reasons for dispose to a system of exclusively voluntary blood donation to a commercial market in blood. The first one is that paid-donor systems are unjust and exploitative, blood being in the main sold by members of the lowest socio-economic groups, and being bought and used by the higher groups. Second is that a private blood market is more likely than a system of donation to yield literally bad blood. And the third one is the production by commercial blood programmes of metaphorical bad blood, which is a morally impoverished relation between individuals. The consecution is the first one explains that is general and applies to any market in goods and services whose vendors are so poor as to warrant charges of injustice and exploitation. And the other one declarative the risk and dangers of contaminations are more in donation than in market in blood. The last one conclude that market in blood is imperialistic and dehumanizing that the state should not allow such a market.

OPINION
When discuss about market in blood, there are two several things that we will argue with. Firstly, who are involved with this transaction, which person who are needs and getting and who are giving things. We determined which person are needs and which person are giving. What about their condition, their income and extra. Secondly is the description of that blood itself. Blood that received is a good quality or a bad blood. The way to get blood is important too to determine market in blood is necessary in our life.
What I am going to discuss is a bit different from the journal that I have taken to refer. Writer of the journal mostly discuss about two types of argument show a market in blood is dehumanizing. Here I want to point out pro and contra market in blood. I will explain what are market and the definition of blood.
Meaning of market is wide. It is an occasion when people buy and sell goods; the open area or building where they meet to do (Oxford advanced learner’s dictionary, 7th edition). It is business or trade, or the amount of trade in particular types of goods. It is also a particular area, country or section of the population that might buy goods. Market sometimes about the number of people who want to buy something or in other word cites demand. Market shows people who buy and sell goods in competition with each other. Whatever meanings, the first thing that we can see about the market are money or a cent. If have a market, it must to involved money.
Now we go through the definition of blood. According to Oxford advanced learner’s dictionary, blood is the red liquid that flows through the bodies of humans and animals. David Archard explains in his journal, blood is a physical object. The character of blood its type is fixed and at any one time, it is though renewable, available in finite quantities. Blood can be swap at a distance between two people without either needing to know of or have contact with the other. Blood is proper to be exchange for the end of saving life and reducing suffering.
In my opinion, market in blood has a pro and contra itself. Let see if rich man are in trouble. One of his families, let say his wife are need for blood. Then, he cannot get a donor for the blood that his wife need. Market in blood can help him to get a blood that he wants. It makes things easier. But if this situation occurs to a poor person, how can he solve this problem? Is this dehumanizing? Because people do not make benevolence to this poor guy when he really needed?
With a market in blood, a lot of matter necessary a lot of money. Like a parable, “no money no talk”. In these days, everything is not going without money. So, how can we help that poor man who is really needed? Yet, our country is insufficient blood. Market in blood maybe can help country to cover this problem. When the market in blood exists, it involved price or monetary value. At this time, government plays their role to offer or tasteless monetary value or payment for blood donor. Effect of this monetary value, people are shoved to donor their blood and the impact is stock of the blood became increase. Is this can help that poor man? I think it is.
Market in blood can be also globalization. It can give most of benefit through the world. As we know, many countries in the world faced insufficient blood problem. So, if market in blood exist, it can be solved that problem. Maybe government agency can be introduced or can be existed to control this market. Government agency will act as a controller to set up the progress and role of this market. And also the important thing is the local blood market must be the priority.
Beside that, in this world today, there has existed a market in blood at outside this country, such as Europe and America. In their market in blood, there are several product line of blood such as Red Blood Cells (RGBs), Immunoglobulin, Albumin, other plasma product, Synthetic HBOC and PFC Agents and Recombinant Factors. And also have a blood supply management product, including; Blood Collection Equipment, Automated Blood Collection Equipment, Blood Banking and Plasmapheresis Testing.
Which one is better either blood in the market or blood gets from the donation? In my opinion, I think that the blood gets from the donation is prefer to be more secure. And blood that gets from the market is more risky because we do not know where the blood comes from and who is a donor. And also we do not know source of that blood. What we afraid is presence a deflection in market in blood. As we know, market is about money and when involve money, someone absolutely just care about profit and net income.
Blood that comes from donation can be more to trust because it usually handles by committee and board legal regulation or laws. When the entity is legal and recognize by law, the quality and security is more proven and the risk is less than blood gets from a market.

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, I prefer to say that market in blood is not dehumanizing. It is because market in blood can help to developed country. It is also can tied the relationship within country each other. Market in blood will encourage people to donor their blood if government play the role. And more over, it can be competitors in money market. This can stir up flow in circumstances of market. So, do you still think that market in blood is dehumanizing? I am still with my stand. It is not dehumanizing. It is acceptable now a days.

assignment individu trade financing (BWBB3063)

IRREVOCABLE LETTER OF CREDIT

(A) Defines what it is
Letter of credit is a written undertaking by a bank given to a seller at the request and on the instruction of the buyer. To pay at sight or at determinable future date up to a state sum of money against stipulated document and compliance of the terms and conditions within a prescribed time limit.
An irrevocable letter of credit can be amended or cancelled only with the agreement of the:
1) Issuing bank
2) The confirming bank (if the credit has be confirmed) and ;
3) The seller (as beneficiary)

(B) Purposes and why it is created
-The objective of this document is to facilitate payment as well as finance for overseas trade. It is designed to protect the trading partners in the transaction by ensuring the following requisites:
a) The buyer can be assured of receiving all the necessary shipping documents giving full title to the goods and evidencing their existence.
b) The seller can be assured of payment for his goods.

-To convince the seller that some capital has been allocated to pay the seller (it is safe to start production of the order.

-To list the document that the buyer will need in order to clear the consignment, and specify the details the document must bear.

- To bridge the gap between payment in advance and open account terms.

-The buyer cannot be amended the letter of credit. So, it is safer to use for the seller.

-A revocable letter of credit is very limited security for the seller. An irrevocable letter of credit requires the consent of both the buyer and seller.

-When the seller are less entrust the buyer, irrevocable letter of credit are the best method to use in international trade.

(C) How it is created
-Applicants request the letter of credit from the issuing bank.
-To get the letter of credit, applicant must have :
a. Sales contract
b. Account in the issuing bank
-Applicants fill the letter of credit form.
-Issuing bank approve the letter of credit.
-Applicant will be charged of
a. Telex
b. Stamp duty
c. Courier
d. Cable
-In addition, applicant must be liable to the issuing bank for all risks and costs of the letter of credit.

(D)What are its salient features?
The salient features for irrevocable letter of credit is :
-Letter of credit is used UCP 600 as a official guideline
-In letter of credit, the seller will be pay by the bank that acts on behalf the buyer. And the buyer will pay it back later to the bank. It’s different from bank guarantee. In case of bank guarantee, the seller will be paid by the bank if the buyer did not pay for him.
-Under letter of credit, bank is direct undertaking to the beneficiary to pay; the issuing bank does not wait for the buyer to default. To be distinguishing, bank guarantees only pay on behalf of the applicant to the beneficiary when the buyer is unable or unwilling to make payment.
-In Irrevocable letter of credit, seller should prepare all the documents needed then give it to the advising bank to get the payment. To be different, in red clause letter of credit seller or beneficiary are able to obtain financing before shipment of goods.
-Application form of irrevocable letter of credit is state an “irrevocable documentary credit” on the form.

(E)How does an importer and exporter use
-The buyer will be used letter of credit because :
a. He did not know well about the beneficiary.
b. He wants to minimize the risk because he deals with big transactions.
c. He does not have sufficient money to pay the beneficiary.
d. By using letter of credit, the exporter will respect the applicant because he has a good reputation.
e. He wants to continue operating his business when he does not have the funds at the moment to do so.

(F)Who are the parties directly related to the products and services
Only two parties that related with this products/services:
1) BUYER/IMPORTER/APPLICANT
2) ISSUING BANK (like MAYBANK)
-The contractual relations regarding the technical, commercial and financial aspects are defined by the buyer or applicant.

(G)What are the obligations of each party?
APPLICANT
-To pay the bank
-The applicant for the credit shall be bound by and liable to indemnify the banks against all obligations and responsibilities imposed by foreign laws and usages.

ISSUNG BANK
-Issue the credit at the request and on the instructions of the applicant.
-Examine all the documents with reasonable care to ascertain that they appear on their face to be in accordance with the terms and conditions of the credit.


(H) What are the rights of each party?
APPLICANT
-Applicant has paid the bank for the L/C services, so, he has the right to give the instruction the issuing bank to ensure that all the documents are in order.

ISSUING BANK
-Obtain payment from the applicant for payment already made to the confirming bank.
-The Issuing bank assures payment on the basis of documents alone and not based on the goods or services to which it may refers.

(I)Cost of creating the instruments to the issuers
-Cost of creating involves indirect cost including:
a. Printing d. Administration
b. Photocopy e. Telephone
c. Salary f. Cable charges

(J)Cost of holding the instruments to the subscriber
-0.1% per month (ABM Role) of the letter of credit amount.

(K)Risk and Returns to the issuer
RISK
-Insolvency of the Applicant.
-Fraud Risk, Sovereign and Regulatory Risk and Legal Risks.

RETURN
-Bank will get the commission when issue the letter of credit.
-Issuer will charges fee to the applicant.



(L)Risk and return to the subscriber
RISK
-Late shipment.
-Credit amount exceeded.
-Description of goods on invoice differs from that of the credit.
-Correct documents but not necessarily correct goods.
-Non-delivery of goods.
-Inferior quality.
-Foreign exchange.

RETURN
-Ability to negotiate more favorable trade terms with the exporter when payment by letter of credit is offered.
-Obtain financing to pay the beneficiary.
-Ability to negotiate favourable terms from the seller.
-Minimizes language barriers with the foreign seller as the whole transaction will be routed through and handled by the bank.

(M)Other cost elements (are there any other hidden cost?)
-For Irrevocable letter of credit product, there is indirect cost involved:
1) Building
2) Utility bills

(N)What is the pricing mechanism (any formula?)
(P*R*T)
P = Principal amount
R = Rate
T = Time

(O)Is there any official guideline for its establishment?
-UCP 600

homework trbaru..cari index ekonomi malaysia...tp x jpe2...susahnyer..xtau nk cri kt ne..tp khirnya terjpe satu lman web yg agak syok gak r..www.bebas-hutang.com..best. bagi akula..coz aku org finance..hehehe

hari ni...15hb daaa

hmm..penatnye hari ni. banyak kelas..tp smpat pula singgah lab.huhu..mlm ni ade kelas lg..sbnrnye singgah lab ade tujuan..nk cari bhan assignment..dapat awal assignment sem ni..selalunya lambat baru dapat.pastu orang len duk study,kami plak berhempas pulas nk siapkan asignment..hehe..subjek sem ni semuanye taff..doa2ajela..harapnye pointer x jatuh..hidup aku biase je hari ni..xade ape2 yg istimewa pon..

happiness

Happiness is reachable, no matter how long it lasts .
We should stop making our lives complicated.


Life is short

Break the rules

forgive quickly
love truly
laugh constantly
And never stop smiling
no matter how strange life is
Life is not always the party we expected to be
but as long as we are here, we should smile and be grateful.